Gothic culture emerged in the late 12th century and flourished throughout the Middle Ages, primarily in Europe. It is characterized by its distinctive architectural style, which includes pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses, as seen in famous structures like Notre-Dame Cathedral. This style aimed to create awe-inspiring spaces that reached toward the heavens, reflecting the spiritual aspirations of the time. In addition to architecture, Gothic culture influenced literature and art. The Gothic novel, a genre that began in the 18th century, features elements of horror and the supernatural, with notable works like Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. This cultural movement continues to inspire modern interpretations in various forms of media.