The Goncourt brothers, Edmond and Jules, were influential French writers and literary critics in the 19th century. Born in the early 1820s, they are best known for their collaborative works, particularly the novel Germinie Lacerteux, which explores themes of social realism and the struggles of the lower classes. Their writing style combined detailed observation with psychological insight. In addition to their novels, the Goncourt brothers established the prestigious Prix Goncourt in 1903, an award that honors outstanding French literature. This prize continues to be one of the most coveted literary awards in France, celebrating the legacy of the brothers and their contributions to literature.