The Golden Age of Athens refers to a period in the 5th century BCE, particularly from 480 to 404 BCE, when Athens experienced remarkable cultural, political, and economic growth. This era followed the Persian Wars, during which Athens emerged as a powerful city-state. The establishment of the Delian League allowed Athens to dominate the Aegean region, leading to increased wealth and influence. During this time, Athens became a center for art, philosophy, and democracy. Notable figures such as Socrates, Plato, and Pericles contributed to advancements in thought and governance. The construction of iconic structures like the Parthenon symbolized the city's architectural achievements and cultural pride.