Glyoxalases are a group of enzymes that play a crucial role in detoxifying harmful compounds in the body. They primarily convert glyoxal, a toxic byproduct of metabolism, into less harmful substances. This process is essential for maintaining cellular health and preventing damage from reactive compounds. These enzymes work by utilizing glutathione, a powerful antioxidant, to facilitate the conversion of glyoxal into D-lactate. Glyoxalases are important in various biological processes and are studied for their potential roles in diseases, including cancer and diabetes, where glyoxal levels may be elevated.