A global maxima refers to the highest point in a given function or dataset across its entire domain. In mathematical terms, it is the value of a function that is greater than or equal to all other values in that function. Finding the global maxima is essential in optimization problems, where the goal is to maximize a particular outcome. In various fields, such as economics, engineering, and machine learning, identifying global maxima helps in making informed decisions. Techniques like calculus and gradient descent are often employed to locate these points, ensuring optimal solutions in real-world applications.