Glacial processes refer to the ways in which glaciers shape the landscape through movement and erosion. As glaciers advance, they grind against the bedrock, carving out valleys and creating features like U-shaped valleys and fjords. The weight and pressure of the ice can also lead to the formation of moraine, which is debris left behind as glaciers retreat. In addition to erosion, glaciers can transport sediment over long distances. This process is known as glacial transport, where rocks and soil are carried along with the moving ice. When glaciers melt, they deposit this material, forming features such as drumlins and eskers, which are important for understanding past glacial activity.