German military history spans several centuries, marked by significant events and transformations. The Holy Roman Empire played a crucial role in early military organization, while the Prussian military reforms in the 19th century established a highly efficient army. The unification of Germany in 1871 under Otto von Bismarck further solidified its military power. The two World Wars in the 20th century were pivotal in shaping modern German military history. World War I saw Germany as a central power, while World War II led to widespread devastation and the eventual division of Germany. Post-war, the Bundeswehr was established as the modern German armed forces, focusing on defense and international cooperation.