German politics operates within a federal parliamentary republic framework. The Bundestag is the main legislative body, while the Bundesrat represents the 16 federal states. The Chancellor, currently Olaf Scholz, is the head of government and is responsible for executing laws and policies. Political parties play a crucial role in shaping policies, with major parties including the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), Social Democratic Party (SPD), and Green Party. Elections are held every four years, and coalition governments are common due to the multi-party system, reflecting a diverse range of political views across the country.