A Geotechnical Survey is a process used to investigate the physical properties of soil and rock at a specific site. This survey helps engineers and construction professionals understand the ground conditions before starting a project. It typically involves drilling boreholes, taking soil samples, and conducting tests to assess factors like soil strength, stability, and drainage. The information gathered from a geotechnical survey is crucial for designing foundations, retaining walls, and other structures. By analyzing the data, engineers can make informed decisions to ensure safety and stability, minimizing risks associated with construction in various environments, such as near rivers or hills.