A geologist is a scientist who studies the Earth, its materials, processes, and history. They examine rocks, minerals, and fossils to understand how the planet has changed over time. Geologists often work in the field, collecting samples and observing natural formations, as well as in laboratories analyzing data. Geologists play a crucial role in various industries, including mining, oil and gas, and environmental protection. Their expertise helps in locating natural resources, assessing geological hazards like earthquakes and landslides, and understanding climate change impacts. By studying the Earth, geologists contribute to sustainable development and resource management.