Geological basins are large, low-lying areas of the Earth's crust where sediments accumulate over time. These basins can form through various geological processes, such as tectonic activity, erosion, or subsidence. They often contain valuable resources like oil, natural gas, and minerals, making them important for energy and resource exploration. The sediments in geological basins can include sand, clay, and silt, which are deposited by rivers, lakes, or oceans. Over millions of years, these layers can become compacted and hardened into rock. Examples of notable geological basins include the Great Basin in the United States and the North Sea Basin in Europe.