Geographic techniques are methods used to analyze and interpret spatial data. These techniques include tools like GIS (Geographic Information Systems), which allows users to visualize and analyze geographic information, and remote sensing, which involves collecting data from satellites or aircraft to study the Earth's surface. Other techniques include cartography, the art of map-making, and spatial analysis, which examines patterns and relationships in geographic data. These methods help researchers, urban planners, and environmental scientists make informed decisions about land use, resource management, and environmental protection.