Spatial analysis is the process of examining the locations, attributes, and relationships of features in space. It involves using various techniques to understand patterns and trends in geographic data, often represented on maps. This analysis helps in making informed decisions in fields like urban planning, environmental management, and transportation. By utilizing tools such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS), spatial analysis can reveal insights about how different factors interact in a given area. For example, it can show how population density affects access to services or how natural resources are distributed across a landscape.