Gamma rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation, similar to X-rays but with higher energy. They are produced by radioactive atoms and certain types of astronomical phenomena. Gamma rays can penetrate most materials, making them useful in various applications, including medical treatments and imaging. In the field of astrophysics, gamma rays are crucial for understanding cosmic events such as supernovae and black hole interactions. Their detection helps scientists explore the universe's most energetic processes, providing insights into the fundamental laws of physics and the nature of matter.