The Fulani War refers to a series of conflicts in the early 19th century led by the Fulani people, primarily in what is now northern Nigeria. These wars aimed to establish Islamic governance and expand the influence of the Fulani over various ethnic groups. The most notable leader was Usman dan Fodio, who sought to reform Islamic practices and eliminate local customs he deemed un-Islamic. The conflicts resulted in the establishment of several Fulani emirates, significantly altering the political landscape of the region. The wars also contributed to the spread of Islam in West Africa, as the Fulani sought to unify diverse communities under a common religious framework.