The Fulani, also known as the Fulbe or Peul, are a large ethnic group primarily found in West Africa. They are known for their rich cultural heritage, which includes unique traditions, music, and art. The Fulani are traditionally pastoralists, herding cattle across vast regions, which has shaped their lifestyle and social structure. Historically, the Fulani have played significant roles in the spread of Islam in West Africa, establishing powerful empires and contributing to trade networks. Today, they are spread across several countries, including Nigeria, Senegal, and Mali, maintaining their distinct identity while also integrating into various national cultures.