A French overseas department is a region that is part of the French Republic but is located outside of mainland France. These departments have the same legal status as those in mainland France, meaning they are fully integrated into the French administrative system. They are represented in the French Parliament and benefit from the same laws and regulations. There are five overseas departments: Guadeloupe, Martinique, Réunion, Mayotte, and French Guiana. These regions are known for their diverse cultures, languages, and ecosystems, reflecting a blend of French and local influences. They also face unique economic and social challenges due to their geographical locations.