The term "French Empires" refers to two major periods in history when France expanded its territories beyond Europe. The first French Empire, established by Napoleon Bonaparte in the early 19th century, saw France dominate much of Europe through military conquests and political alliances. This empire lasted from 1804 until 1814, with a brief return in 1815 during the Hundred Days. The second French Empire, known as the Second French Empire, was established by Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte in 1852 and lasted until 1870. This period was marked by industrial growth and colonial expansion, as France sought to build an overseas empire in regions like Africa and Southeast Asia.