Frederick II of Anhalt (1804-1871) was a German prince and the ruler of the principality of Anhalt. He became the Duke of Anhalt-Dessau in 1863 after the death of his brother, Duke Leopold IV. Frederick II was known for his efforts in modernizing the administration and infrastructure of his territory. During his reign, Frederick II focused on education and economic development, promoting industrial growth and improving public services. He was also involved in the political landscape of the German states, supporting the unification of Germany under the leadership of Otto von Bismarck. His contributions helped shape the future of the region.