Francesco Maria della Rovere (1490–1538) was an Italian nobleman and a prominent figure in the Della Rovere family. He served as the Duke of Urbino from 1521 until his death, playing a significant role in the political landscape of the Italian Renaissance. His reign was marked by efforts to strengthen the duchy and promote the arts. As a patron of the arts, Francesco Maria supported various artists and architects, contributing to the cultural development of Urbino. He was also known for his military leadership, defending his territory against external threats and maintaining the stability of his duchy during a tumultuous period in Italian history.