Fluorescent techniques are methods used to study materials that emit light when exposed to specific wavelengths. This phenomenon occurs when a substance absorbs energy and then re-emits it as visible light. These techniques are widely used in fields like biochemistry, cell biology, and materials science to visualize and analyze samples at the microscopic level. One common application is fluorescence microscopy, which allows researchers to observe the distribution of specific proteins or other molecules within cells. By tagging these molecules with fluorescent dyes or proteins, scientists can track biological processes in real-time, enhancing our understanding of cellular functions and interactions.