The First Saudi State was established in the mid-18th century, around 1744, by Muhammad ibn Saud in the region of Najd. This state marked the beginning of the unification of various tribes under a single political entity, promoting the teachings of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, a religious reformer. The alliance between Ibn Saud and Ibn Abd al-Wahhab aimed to purify Islam and eliminate practices considered innovations. The First Saudi State expanded significantly during its existence, but it faced challenges from rival tribes and external forces. In 1818, it was ultimately destroyed by the Ottoman Empire, which sought to reassert control over the Arabian Peninsula. Despite its fall, the First Saudi State laid the groundwork for the later establishment of the Second Saudi State and eventually the modern Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.