Ferdinando I de' Medici was the Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1587 until his death in 1609. He was the second son of Cosimo I de' Medici and Eleonora di Toledo. Ferdinando was known for his diplomatic skills and efforts to strengthen the power of the Medici family in Tuscany. During his reign, Ferdinando focused on economic development and cultural patronage. He supported the arts and sciences, fostering a vibrant cultural environment in Florence. His leadership helped stabilize the region and laid the groundwork for future prosperity in Tuscany.