Federal Indian Law refers to the body of law that governs the relationship between the United States government and Native American tribes. This area of law includes treaties, statutes, and court decisions that recognize the sovereignty of tribes and their rights to self-governance, land, and resources. Key principles of Federal Indian Law include the trust responsibility of the federal government to protect tribal interests and the concept of tribal sovereignty, which allows tribes to operate independently within their territories. Important cases, such as McClanahan v. State Tax Commission of Arizona, have shaped the legal landscape regarding tribal rights and jurisdiction.