Faulting is a geological process that occurs when rocks in the Earth's crust break and move due to stress. This movement can create fractures, known as faults, which can vary in size and depth. Faulting is often associated with tectonic activity, where the Earth's plates shift and interact, leading to earthquakes. There are different types of faults, including normal faults, reverse faults, and strike-slip faults, each defined by the direction of movement. These faults can significantly impact the landscape, causing features like mountains, valleys, and even affecting human structures through seismic activity.