Fault mechanics is the study of how faults, or fractures in the Earth's crust, behave under stress. These faults can move, causing earthquakes when the accumulated stress exceeds the strength of the rocks. Understanding fault mechanics helps scientists predict seismic activity and assess risks in earthquake-prone areas. The movement along faults can be categorized into different types, such as normal faults, reverse faults, and strike-slip faults. Each type has distinct characteristics based on the direction of stress and movement. By analyzing these movements, researchers can gain insights into the geological processes that shape our planet.