A fatwa is a legal opinion or decree issued by an Islamic scholar or authority. Fatwa issuing bodies are organizations or institutions that provide these legal opinions based on Islamic law, or Sharia. They play a crucial role in guiding Muslims on various issues, from personal matters to complex legal questions. These bodies can vary in structure and authority, ranging from local mosques to national councils. Some well-known fatwa issuing bodies include the Al-Azhar University in Egypt and the Islamic Research Academy. Their rulings help clarify religious practices and address contemporary issues faced by the Muslim community.