Fare systems are methods used to determine the cost of travel on public transportation, such as buses, trains, and subways. These systems can vary widely, with some charging a flat rate regardless of distance traveled, while others use distance-based pricing, where the fare increases based on how far a passenger travels. Many fare systems also offer discounts for specific groups, such as students, seniors, or people with disabilities. Additionally, modern fare systems often incorporate technology, allowing passengers to use smart cards or mobile apps for easy payment and access to real-time information about their journeys.