Familial cancer syndromes are genetic conditions that increase the risk of developing certain types of cancer within families. These syndromes are often caused by inherited mutations in specific genes, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, which are linked to breast and ovarian cancers. Individuals with these mutations have a higher likelihood of developing cancer compared to the general population. Families with a history of multiple cancer cases may be evaluated for these syndromes through genetic testing. Early detection and preventive measures, such as increased screening or prophylactic surgeries, can help manage the risk associated with familial cancer syndromes, improving outcomes for affected individuals.