European civilization refers to the cultural, social, and political development that emerged in Europe over centuries. It is characterized by significant historical events, such as the Renaissance, which sparked a revival of art and learning, and the Enlightenment, which emphasized reason and individualism. Key institutions, like democracy and the rule of law, have roots in ancient Greece and Rome, influencing modern governance. The continent is known for its diverse languages, religions, and traditions, shaped by various historical influences, including the Roman Empire and the Christian Church. Major contributions to science, philosophy, and the arts have made Europe a center of intellectual and cultural advancement throughout history.