European aristocracy refers to the social class of noble families that held significant power and influence in Europe, particularly from the Middle Ages through the early 20th century. Members of the aristocracy often owned large estates and titles, such as duke, count, or baron, which were typically inherited. Their status was often linked to land ownership, military service, and political roles within their respective countries. The aristocracy played a crucial role in shaping European history, culture, and governance. They were patrons of the arts and education, contributing to the development of literature, architecture, and music. Over time, the power of the aristocracy diminished due to factors like the rise of democracy, the Industrial Revolution, and social changes, leading to a more egalitarian society.