Eumenes II was a king of the ancient kingdom of Pergamon, ruling from 197 to 159 BCE. He was known for his diplomatic skills and efforts to expand his kingdom's influence in the Hellenistic world. Eumenes II was a patron of the arts and sciences, promoting cultural development and building impressive structures, including the famous Altar of Zeus. During his reign, Eumenes II successfully navigated complex political landscapes, forming alliances with powerful states like Rome. He played a significant role in the Roman Republic's conflicts, particularly during the Macedonian Wars, which helped solidify Pergamon's status as a major power in the region.