Encephalitis viruses are a group of viruses that cause inflammation of the brain, known as encephalitis. Common types include West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and Herpes simplex virus. These viruses can be transmitted through insect bites, such as mosquitoes, or through direct contact with infected individuals. Symptoms of encephalitis can range from mild flu-like signs to severe neurological issues, including confusion, seizures, and loss of consciousness. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests, imaging studies, and sometimes a spinal tap. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and may include antiviral medications, depending on the specific virus involved.