Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain, often caused by a viral infection. Symptoms can include fever, headache, confusion, and seizures. In severe cases, it can lead to serious complications, such as memory problems or even death. Common viruses that cause encephalitis include herpes simplex virus and West Nile virus. Diagnosis typically involves medical imaging, like a CT scan or MRI, and sometimes a spinal tap to analyze cerebrospinal fluid. Treatment usually focuses on managing symptoms and may include antiviral medications. Early detection and care are crucial for improving outcomes and reducing the risk of long-term effects.