The term "Empress of Japan" refers to the female monarch of the Japanese imperial family. The current empress, Empress Masako, ascended to the role in 2019 following the abdication of her husband, Emperor Naruhito. The Japanese imperial family is one of the oldest hereditary monarchies in the world, with a lineage that traces back over a millennium. The role of the empress traditionally involves ceremonial duties and representing Japan at various state functions. While the position does not hold political power, the empress plays a significant part in cultural and religious events, such as the Shinto rituals that are integral to Japan's heritage.