The "Elephant Man" refers to Joseph Merrick, a 19th-century man from England who suffered from severe physical deformities due to a combination of neurofibromatosis and proteus syndrome. His condition made him a subject of public curiosity and exploitation, leading to his display in freak shows. Merrick eventually found refuge in a London hospital, where he was cared for by Dr. Frederick Treves. He became known for his intelligence and sensitivity, challenging societal perceptions of disability. His life story has inspired various works, including plays and films, highlighting themes of compassion and humanity.