An electrochemical process involves the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy or vice versa through chemical reactions. This typically occurs in systems like batteries and fuel cells, where electrons are transferred between substances. The process is driven by oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions, where one substance loses electrons (oxidation) and another gains them (reduction). These processes are essential in various applications, including energy storage, corrosion prevention, and electroplating. For example, in a lithium-ion battery, lithium ions move between the anode and cathode during charging and discharging, enabling the storage and release of electrical energy.