An electoral system is a set of rules that determines how votes are cast, counted, and translated into seats in a legislature. Different systems, such as First-Past-The-Post or Proportional Representation, can significantly influence the political landscape and party dynamics within a country. These systems aim to ensure fair representation of the electorate's preferences. The choice of an electoral system can affect voter turnout, party competition, and the overall health of a democracy, making it a crucial aspect of political science and governance.