Eastern European politics is characterized by a mix of democratic and authoritarian regimes, influenced by historical events such as the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991. Countries like Poland, Hungary, and Czech Republic have transitioned to democratic systems, while others, such as Belarus and Russia, exhibit more authoritarian governance. The region faces challenges including economic disparities, corruption, and the influence of external powers like the European Union and Russia. Nationalism and ethnic tensions also play significant roles in shaping political landscapes, impacting policies and international relations among the countries in Eastern Europe.