"East German" refers to the former German Democratic Republic (GDR), which existed from 1949 until 1990. It was a socialist state established in the eastern part of Germany after World War II, influenced by the Soviet Union. The capital was East Berlin, and the country was known for its strict government control and limited personal freedoms. The GDR was characterized by a planned economy, state ownership of industry, and a strong emphasis on social welfare. The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 marked the beginning of the end for East Germany, leading to its reunification with West Germany in 1990.