The German Democratic Republic (GDR), commonly known as East Germany, was a socialist state that existed from 1949 to 1990. It was established in the aftermath of World War II, when Germany was divided into East and West. The GDR was heavily influenced by the Soviet Union and was characterized by a one-party system led by the Socialist Unity Party. Life in the GDR was marked by state control over many aspects of daily life, including the economy and media. Despite its strict regime, the GDR had a strong emphasis on education and social welfare, which contributed to a unique cultural identity distinct from West Germany.