The Earth's core is the innermost layer of our planet, located beneath the mantle. It is primarily composed of iron and nickel and is divided into two parts: the solid inner core and the liquid outer core. The temperature in the core can reach up to 5,700 degrees Celsius, which is as hot as the surface of the Sun. The movement of the liquid outer core generates the Earth's magnetic field through a process called geodynamo. This magnetic field protects the planet from harmful solar radiation and helps maintain conditions suitable for life on the surface. Understanding the core is essential for studying geology and the Earth's overall structure.