The Earl of Melbourne is a title in the peerage of the United Kingdom, created in 1835. The title is associated with the town of Melbourne in Australia, which was named after the then Prime Minister, William Lamb, who held the title. The Earl of Melbourne has historically been linked to the Whig Party and played a significant role in British politics during the 19th century. The first holder of the title was William Lamb, who served as Prime Minister twice. The title has since passed through various descendants, contributing to the British aristocracy. The Earl of Melbourne is part of the broader context of the British peerage system, which includes various ranks such as dukes, marquesses, and viscounts.