E-numbers are codes used to identify food additives that are approved for use in the European Union. These additives can serve various purposes, such as preserving food, enhancing flavor, or improving texture. Each E-number corresponds to a specific substance, making it easier for consumers to understand what is in their food. Many E-numbers are derived from natural sources, while others are synthetic. Common examples include E100 for curcumin, a natural colorant, and E621 for monosodium glutamate (MSG), a flavor enhancer. The use of E-numbers helps ensure food safety and standardization across products.