The Dutch colonial empire was a global trading empire established by the Dutch Republic from the late 16th to the 18th centuries. It included territories in the Americas, Africa, and Asia, with notable colonies such as New Netherland in North America and Dutch East Indies in Southeast Asia. The empire was driven by trade, particularly in spices, sugar, and textiles. The Dutch West India Company and Dutch East India Company were key organizations that facilitated this expansion. The empire played a significant role in maritime trade and cultural exchange, influencing global commerce and the spread of ideas during the Age of Exploration.