The Duchy of Mantua was a historical state in northern Italy, established in the late Middle Ages. It was centered around the city of Mantua and became prominent during the Renaissance. The duchy was ruled by the Gonzaga family, who were known for their patronage of the arts and culture, contributing to the region's development. The duchy played a significant role in the political landscape of Italy, often involved in conflicts and alliances with neighboring states. It was eventually absorbed into the Duchy of Modena in the 18th century, marking the end of its independence.