The Duchy of Benevento was a historical state in southern Italy, established in the early 8th century. It emerged as a significant power during the time of the Lombards, a Germanic people who ruled parts of Italy. The duchy was centered around the city of Benevento, which became an important cultural and political hub. Throughout its history, the Duchy of Benevento experienced various conflicts and changes in leadership, often influenced by neighboring powers such as the Byzantine Empire and the Papal States. It eventually fell under the control of the Normans in the 11th century, marking the end of its independence.