The Duchy of Guelders was a historical region in the northeastern part of present-day Netherlands and parts of Germany. It emerged in the late Middle Ages and became a significant political entity in the 15th century. The duchy was known for its strategic location and rich resources, which contributed to its importance in regional politics. The duchy was ruled by various noble families, including the House of Egmond and the House of Cleves. In 1543, it was incorporated into the Habsburg Netherlands, marking the end of its independence. Today, the legacy of the Duchy of Guelders can be seen in the cultural and historical heritage of the region.