The Duchess of Mazarin refers to the title held by the widow of Cardinal Jules Mazarin, a prominent Italian cardinal and chief minister to King Louis XIV of France. After Mazarin's death in 1661, his wealth and influence were inherited by his wife, who played a significant role in the French court. She was known for her intelligence and social skills, which helped her navigate the complexities of royal politics. The Duchess was also involved in the patronage of the arts, contributing to the cultural landscape of France during the Baroque period.