Downstream services refer to the processes and activities that occur after the extraction and processing of raw materials, particularly in industries like oil and gas. This includes refining crude oil into usable products such as gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel, as well as distributing these products to consumers through various channels. In addition to refining, downstream services encompass marketing, sales, and retail operations. Companies involved in these services often manage supply chains, ensuring that products reach end-users efficiently. Key players in this sector include major oil companies and independent retailers, all working to meet consumer demand while adhering to regulatory standards.